Visiting Researcher, KITE Research Institute (UHN) · University of Toronto
Hyunji Kim
I study human movement at the intersection of biomechanics, exercise physiology, and wearable assistive technology — with a focus on people underserved by conventional performance research, including individuals with spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, and stroke, and everyday exercisers just starting out.
About
I completed my Ph.D. at the Sports Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology, Seoul National University (2021 Sep – 2026 Feb), with a dissertation on deep learning–based VO2/VCO2 estimation and fitness assessment for individuals with spinal cord injury, aimed at making self-directed exercise monitoring accessible outside the lab. Before that, my M.S. work examined how shoe conditions shape the biomechanics of recreational runners. I originally trained in chemistry education (B.S., Seoul National University) before moving into human exercise science.
Since July 2026, I've been a Visiting Researcher at the KITE Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), affiliated with the University of Toronto, and I'll begin a full Postdoctoral Researcher appointment there in October 2026. My work is shifting toward wearable sensing and textile-based wearable systems, with a current focus on heart failure monitoring.
Research
Five threads run through my work — swipe or scroll sideways, each card opens a page with methodology and findings.
AI & Wearable Sensing for Physiological Monitoring
Deep learning models that estimate physiological signals from wearable sensors alone — from running VO2/VCO2 to, now, cardiac indicators. Continuing at KITE Research Institute (UHN) / University of Toronto with a focus on heart failure monitoring.
Wheelchair & Spinal Cord Injury Biomechanics
Bottom-up classification of wheelchair propulsion strategies and an open-platform ergometer, built to make exercise assessment accessible for people with SCI.
Wearable Soft Robots & Gait Assistance
Evaluation methods and metrics for soft wearable robots that assist walking and grasping, from lab prototypes to field-ready hybrid suits.
Running Biomechanics & Footwear
How shoe design and running form shape performance and injury risk — including the "super shoes" research featured in national media.
Extended Reality & Assistive HCI
Studying how adults with cerebral palsy interact in extended reality, toward more accessible, barrier-free digital experiences.
Publications
Selected Publications
Technologically Advanced Running Shoes Reduce Indices of Injury Risk
H. Kim & J. Ahn — the biomechanical evidence behind the "super shoes" story I've discussed on YouTube.
A Bottom-Up Classification of Wheelchair Users Based on Propulsion Kinematics beyond Injury Level
H. Kim, S. Hong, W. Park & J. Ahn — a new way to group wheelchair users by how they actually move, not just by diagnosis.
Influence of Time Since Injury and Physical Activity Level on Upper Limb Kinematics and Muscle Activation During Wheelchair Propulsion
S. Hong, H. Kim (Co-first author), J. Ahn & W. Park — how propulsion technique evolves over years of wheelchair use.
A Multidisciplinary Review on Footwear 3D Printing: From Biomechanics to Therapeutics
K. Kim, H. Kim (Co-first author) et al. — a survey of where 3D-printed footwear is heading, from performance to treatment.
Full List
Published Journal Papers (6)
- K. Kim, H. Kim (Co-first author), W. Hwang, Y. Choi, K. Kim, J. Ahn & H. Lee (2025) A multidisciplinary review on footwear 3D printing: from biomechanics to therapeutics, International Journal of Bioprinting 025210204.
- S. Hong, H. Kim (Co-first author), J. Ahn & W. Park (2025) Influence of time since injury and physical activity level on upper limb kinematics and muscle activation during wheelchair propulsion in complete T12/L1 spinal cord injury, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 26, 807.
- H. Kim, S. Hong, W. Park & J. Ahn (2025) A Bottom-Up Classification of Wheelchair Users Based on Propulsion Kinematics beyond Injury Level, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering (TNSRE) 33, 3878–3887.
- H. Kim & J. Ahn (2025) Technologically Advanced Running Shoes Reduce Indices of Injury Risk, Scientific Reports 15, 17828.
- P. Pathak, H. Kim, H. Kim, K. Lee, J. Park & J. Ahn (2023) Feasibility of mitigating out-toeing gait using compression tights with inward-directing lines, PLOS ONE 18(9), e0291914.
- B. Lim, H. Kim (Co-first author), J. Bae, J. Seo, S. Kwak, C. Shin, J. Ahn & W. Song (2021) Effect of masticatory movement using gum on walking and cycling: a randomized crossover design, Exercise Science.
Journal Papers in Review or in Preparation (6)
- (Revision under review) J. Choi, J. Kim, H. Kim, Y. Choi, J. Lee, J. Hwang, Y. Choi, H. Min, J. Kim & J. Ahn. Estimation of Pulmonary Oxygen Uptake (VO2) and Carbon Dioxide Production (VCO2) Using Transfer Learning.
- (In preparation) H. Kim, Y. Choi, W. Park, S. Lee, B. Lee & J. Ahn. Development and Validation of a Detachable, Open-platform Wheelchair Ergometer with Inline Shaft Torque Sensing for Accessible Exercise Assessment in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury.
- (In preparation) J. Oh, S. Koh, G. Shin, H. Kim & J. Ahn. Effects of Grip Socks During Prolonged Running: Lower-Limb Joint Energy Absorption and Mechanical Efficiency.
- (In preparation) Y. Choi, H. Kim, G. Lee, J. Kim & J. Ahn. Continuous Vertical Ground Reaction Force Waveform and Biomechanical Running Parameter Estimation Using a Single Mask-Type IMU Sensor and Deep Learning.
- (In preparation) G. Kim, H. Kim & S.B. Panday. Effects of Awareness of Umpire's Judgement in Martial Arts Competition on Players' Performance and Psychological State.
- (In preparation) H. Kim, S. Hong, C. Kim, M. Son, Y. Choi, H. Lee, G. Shin, W. Park & J. Ahn. Characterizing Upper-Limb Interaction Strategies of Adults with Cerebral Palsy in Extended Reality: A Mixed-Methods Kinematic and Observational Study.
International Conference — Oral Presentations (6)
- H. Kim, Y. Choi, G. Shin, C. Kim & J. Ahn (2026) Exercise Science for All: AI-Powered Physical Activity Monitoring and Prescription in Spinal Cord Injury, The 2nd International Conference on Learning Sciences and Educational Innovation (ICOLSEI 2026).
- S. Hong, H. Kim (Co-first author), J. Ahn & W. Park (2024) Impacts of Disability Duration and Physical Activity Level on Wheelchair Propulsion Strategies in People with T12/L1 Spinal Cord Injury, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting.
- H. Kim, S. Hong, W. Park & J. Ahn (2024) Classifying Wheelchair Propulsion Strategies: A New Bottom-Up Approach Based on Kinematic Data Analysis, Proceedings of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 2024.
- H. Kim & J. Ahn (2023) The Effects of Habitual Foot Strike Pattern and Footwear on Running Pattern and Economy, 2023 Conference of International Society of Biomechanics (ISB).
- H. Kim & J. Ahn (2023) Acute Effects of Shoe Conditions on Foot Strike Pattern of Runners with Different Habitual Patterns, 2023 Conference of International Society of Biomechanics in Sports (ISBS).
- Y. Hong, D. Koo, H. Kim, J. Cho, J. Ahn & J. Park (2022) The Effect of Back-Loaded Distribution on Metabolic Energy and Subjective Fatigue: An Ergonomic Evaluation for the Development of a New Personal Protective Respirator, International Textile and Apparel Association Annual Conference Proceedings 78(1).
International Conference — Poster Presentations (4)
- H. Kim, Y. Choi, G. Shin, C. Kim & J. Ahn (2026) Physiological vs. Perceptual Exercise Intensity Targeting in Spinal Cord Injury Users: A Pilot Comparison Study, 2026 10th World Congress of Biomechanics (WCB).
- J. Cho, H. Kim & J. Ahn (2026) RPE-based Identification of Fatigue-related Changes in Running Spatiotemporal Variability, 2026 10th World Congress of Biomechanics (WCB).
- H. Kim, C. Kim, Y. Choi & J. Ahn (2025) Muscle Synergy Analysis during Grasping Tasks in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy: A Framework for Telerehabilitation, 2025 ASB International Conference.
- Y. Choi, H. Kim, K. Lee, J. Choi, J. Kim, J. Kim & J. Ahn (2025) Validation of A Single Mask Type IMU for Running Gait Analysis, 2025 ASB International Conference.
Domestic Conference — Oral Presentations (5)
- G. Kim, H. Kim (Co-first author) & S.B. Panday (2026) Synergy Analysis of Lower Leg Muscle according to Target Conditions in Taekwondo Spin Kick: Comparison with VR Virtual Target Conditions, 2026 Conference of Korean Alliance of Martial Arts. Best Presentation Award
- H. Kim, C. Kim, Y. Choi & J. Ahn (2024) Muscle Synergy Complexity in Affected and Unaffected Upper Limbs of Individuals with Post-Stroke Hemiplegia during Grasping Tasks, 2024 Fall International Conference of KSSB. Best Presentation Award
- H. Kim, S. Hong, W. Park & J. Ahn (2023) Analysis of Wheelchair Propulsion Patterns in Wheelchair Users with Various Spinal Cord Injury Levels: A Study on Strategy Development through Bottom-Up Classification, 2023 Fall International Conference of KSSB-KSB. Best Presentation Award
- S. Hong, H. Kim (Co-first author), J. Ahn & W. Park (2023) Duration of Disability, Professional Experience in Sports, and Wheelchair Propulsion Strategy in People with Spinal Cord Injury: Case Study, 2023 Fall International Conference of KSSB-KSB.
- H. Kim & J. Ahn (2021) Effects of Performance Boosting Running Shoes on Muscle and Joint Loads, 2021 Fall International Conference of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics. Excellent Presentation Award
Domestic Conference — Poster Presentations (2)
- H. Kim & J. Ahn (2025) Wheelchair Propulsion Strategies in Spinal Cord Injury: Beyond Injury Level Classification, 2025 16th Conference of Korean Society of Medical Robotics (KSMR).
- H. Kim, Y. Choi, K. Kim, S. Chung, H. Lee & J. Ahn (2022) Quantifying the Effect of 3D Printed Footwear Soles on Foot Pressure Distribution, 2022 Fall International Conference of KSSB-KSB. Best Poster Presentation Award
Experience
Professional Career
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2026.10 –Postdoctoral Researcher, KITE Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN) / University of Toronto
Details
Formal appointment beginning October 2026, supported by the Canada Leads Program (PI: Dr. Darshan Brahmbhatt). Continuing work on wearable sensing and physiological signal estimation, extended toward textile-integrated wearable systems for heart failure monitoring.
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2026.7 – 2026.10Visiting Researcher, KITE Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN) / University of Toronto
Details
SNU Postdoctoral Overseas Visiting Research Fellowship. Transitioning research focus from sports biomechanics toward wearable sensing and textile-based systems for cardiac and heart-failure monitoring, ahead of the formal postdoctoral appointment.
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2026.3 – 2026.10Post-Doctoral Researcher, Robotics Institute (RI), Seoul National University
Research Experience
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2024.4 – presentDevelopment of Barrier-Free Experiential XR Content Technology to Improve Accessibility to Online Activities for the Physically Disabled
Details
Quantification of needs for barrier-free XR environment usage and wheelchair ergometer personalization for individuals with cerebral palsy and spinal cord injuries. Combines upper-body kinematics, EMG, and machine learning to characterize how users interact with exergame environments, informing more inclusive HCI design. Successfully secured national research project funding.
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2025.3 – 2025.8Developing a Running Pattern Solution for Amateur Runners
Details
Developed a mobile application that analyzes running biomechanics from smartphone video alone, using inverse dynamic analysis to flag running-injury risk in amateur runners — aiming to make lab-grade running-form feedback available without dedicated motion-capture hardware.
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2024.9 – 2025.9Health Enhancement Research through Setting Fitness Standards for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury and Analysis of Biomechanical Correlations
Details
As sole PI, analyzed the biomechanics of active individuals with spinal cord injury — respiratory response, upper-body kinematics, and inverse dynamics — to develop exercise guidelines and optimize wheelchair use and overall health. Funded as a Humanities and Social Sciences Academic Research Fellow (Type B, Sports Science).
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2024.7 – presentTechnical Collaboration with Neumafit and Endurorace
Details
Provide expert consultation on data analysis and interpretation for athlete performance optimization, applying running biomechanics and physiology research to real training programs. Led development and validation of a continuous lactate monitoring system (CLMS) through large-scale lactate measurement experiments in running and cycling.
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2023.7 – 2024.2Deep Learning-Based Aerobic Capacity Estimation in Running (with Neumafit)
Details
Developed deep learning algorithms to precisely estimate aerobic capacity indicators (VO2, VCO2) during running from wearable sensor data, working toward field-usable alternatives to lab-based metabolic testing.
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2023.4 – 2024.4Developing Evaluation Methods for Analyzing the Effects of Soft Wearable Robots
Details
Developed quantitative metrics — gait and lower-limb kinematics — for evaluating walking performance with soft wearable gait-assistance robots, supporting national assistive-technology development.
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2023.1 – 2026.5Developing Wearable Soft Robots for Human Performance Augmentation (ERC, 3rd phase)
Details
Provided expertise on evaluation methods for walking- and grasping-assistance wearable soft robots as part of a long-running Engineering Research Center program.
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2021.8 – 2024.84D Printing of Mechanical Meta-Material Footwear Soles for Gait Function Augmentation and Foot Disorder Treatment
Details
Quantified how shoe-sole stiffness differences from meta-structure design affect center of pressure and lower-limb joint angles during walking, targeting mild flatfoot correction — combining footwear engineering, pedobarography, and gait analysis.
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2021.4 – 2024.12Technology Innovation Program: Development of Safe and Comfortable Human Augmentation Hybrid Robot Suit
Details
Analyzed motion patterns, energy efficiency, and joint loads of an innovative prototype exoskeleton-assisted shoe using motion capture, metabolic systems, and musculoskeletal simulation.
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2020 – 2021Development of a Human-Centered Personal Protective Suit for Disaster Preparedness
Details
Quantified how weight distribution in protective suits affects energy expenditure and analyzed gear-design tradeoffs in simulated disaster-response scenarios, informing more wearable protective equipment for first responders.
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2019 – 2020Developing Compression Wear That Augments Human Motor Performance by Tactile Feedback
Details
Verified how tactile-feedback compression-wear patterns influence gait, with a focus on ankle-angle changes — early work that shaped my interest in wearable sensory feedback systems.
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2019 – 2020Effects of Chewing Gum on Exercise Efficiency and the Body
Details
Compared how masticatory (chewing) action affects rhythm patterns and muscle activation during cycling, published as a randomized crossover study in collaboration with LOTTE.
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2019Development of CROSS-MAST Training Program
Details
Analyzed muscle-activation differences across adjustable resistance profiles on CROSS-MAST, a precision-controlled dual-cable machine, and produced a comprehensive exercise report for the system.
Grants & Fellowships
- Canada Leads Program Funding (250,000 CAD, 2 years), University Health Network (UHN), Canada, 2026–2028 (pending formal appointment; PI: Dr. Darshan Brahmbhatt)
- SNU Postdoctoral Overseas Visiting Research Fellowship (15M KRW) — Visiting researcher at the University Health Network (UHN), Canada, 2026
- NRF PhD Fellowship (20M KRW) — Humanities and social sciences academic research fellow (Type B, Sports science), 2024–2025
Patents
- (Patent pending) H. Kim, B. Lee, J. Ahn. "Exercise Load Measurement and Control Apparatus, System, and Method for a Wheelchair Ergometer," Korean Patent Application No. 10-2026-0104472, 2026.
Awards, Honors & Scholarship
- The Best Presentation Award — Conference of Korean Alliance of Martial Arts, 2026
- The Best Presentation Award — International Conference of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, 2024
- EMBS NextGen Scholar Award — Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2024
- BK21 Outstanding Researcher Awards, Seoul National University, 2021
- BK21 Research Scholarship, Seoul National University, 2020-2025
- The Best Presentation Award — International Conference of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics – Korean Society of Biomechanics, 2023
- The Best Poster Presentation Award — International Conference of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics – Korean Society of Biomechanics, 2022
- Excellent Presentation Award — International Conference of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, 2021
- Teaching Assistant Scholarship (Assistance for Prof.Jooeun Ahn), Seoul National University, 2019
Media & Public Engagement
Skills
Languages
Programming & Computational Methods
Experimental Systems & Data Acquisition
Modeling & Biomechanical Analysis
Human-Centered & Qualitative Research
In-depth interviews and participatory studies with individuals with cerebral palsy and spinal cord injury; integrating qualitative insight with biomechanical and physiological assessment.
Research & Professional Skills
- Founding member of a new laboratory (Sports Engineering Laboratory, SNU) — established core equipment, experimental setups, and research protocols
- Independent project design and execution from conception to completion
- Interdisciplinary collaboration across biomechanics, sports engineering, mechanical engineering, textile/clothing engineering, and clinical research
Professional Memberships
- IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS), 2024–present
- American Society of Biomechanics (ASB), 2025–present
- International Women in Biomechanics (IWB), 2024–present
- Ergonomics Society of Korea, 2025
- Korean Society of Martial Arts, 2026–present
- Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics (KSSB), 2021–present
Contact
Sports Engineering Lab, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
KITE Institute (UHN), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada